Used Shipping Containers: Types, Repurposing, and Essential Buying Factors
Shipping containers have transformed from simple cargo transport solutions to versatile assets with numerous applications beyond their original purpose. These robust steel boxes, designed to withstand harsh ocean conditions and heavy stacking loads, offer durability that makes them attractive for various repurposing projects. The growing trend of container reuse has created a thriving market for used shipping containers, with options varying in size, condition, and previous usage history. Understanding the different types available and key considerations before purchase can help potential buyers make informed decisions that align with their specific needs.
Different Types of Used Shipping Containers Available
Used shipping containers come in several varieties, each designed for specific cargo purposes that influence their suitability for secondary applications. Standard dry containers are the most common type, featuring solid steel walls, a corrugated design for strength, and watertight seals. Refrigerated containers (reefers) offer insulated walls and integrated cooling systems, making them ideal for temperature-controlled environments but typically commanding higher prices than standard units. Open-top containers provide accessibility from above for oversized cargo loading, while flat rack containers have collapsible sides for bulky items. High cube containers offer additional vertical space with their 9’6” height compared to standard 8’6” units. When selecting among these options, buyers should consider how the container’s original design features might benefit or hinder their intended repurposing project.
Common Sizes and Dimensions of Used Shipping Containers
Shipping containers follow standardized dimensions established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The most prevalent sizes in the marketplace are 20-foot and 40-foot lengths, both typically measuring 8 feet wide. Standard containers have an 8’6” interior height, while high cube variants offer 9’6” of interior clearance—providing valuable additional headspace for housing or office conversions. A 20-foot standard container offers approximately 146 square feet of floor space, while a 40-foot container provides around 305 square feet. Smaller 10-foot containers are available in some markets for space-constrained applications. Weight capacities vary by size and design, with 20-foot containers typically supporting around 25 tons of cargo weight in their original shipping application. Understanding these dimensional standards helps buyers accurately plan space requirements and transportation logistics for their container purchase.
How Used Shipping Containers Are Repurposed for Storage and Housing
The robust construction of shipping containers makes them exceptionally versatile for repurposing projects. In storage applications, containers offer secure, weather-resistant solutions for equipment, inventory, and personal belongings at construction sites, businesses, and residential properties. Their portability allows for relocation as needs change. For housing applications, containers provide the structural foundation for permanent and semi-permanent dwellings, from simple tiny homes to complex multi-container architectural designs. The container architecture movement has expanded to include offices, retail spaces, emergency shelters, and hospitality venues. Modification typically involves cutting openings for windows and doors, adding insulation to regulate temperature extremes, installing utilities, and finishing interiors. Agricultural applications include livestock shelters, equipment storage, and even hydroponic growing facilities. The standardized dimensions facilitate modular construction approaches, allowing for expansion as needs and budgets grow.
Key Factors to Check Before Buying a Used Shipping Container
When evaluating used shipping containers, structural integrity represents the most crucial consideration. Buyers should carefully inspect for rust, particularly in corner posts and bottom rails that bear critical structural loads. Excessive corrosion can compromise structural integrity and lead to costly repairs. Door functionality demands close attention—doors should open, close, and seal properly, with functional locking mechanisms. Water tightness is essential for most applications; inspect the roof carefully for punctures or standing water evidence, and examine floor boards for signs of water damage or pest infestation. Container certification and history provide important context—request information on manufacturing date, previous cargo, and maintenance records. The ISO certification number on the container can help verify authenticity and specifications. Consider delivery logistics and site preparation requirements, ensuring adequate access for delivery trucks and proper foundation preparation with level ground or concrete piers. Local regulations may impose restrictions on container placement or usage, so checking building codes and zoning laws before purchase can prevent regulatory complications.
Pricing and Availability of Used Shipping Containers
The cost of used shipping containers varies significantly based on size, condition, customization, and regional market factors. Standard 20-foot containers typically range from $1,500 to $3,000, while 40-foot containers generally command $2,000 to $4,500. High cube variants and specialized containers like refrigerated units usually demand premium pricing, with refrigerated containers often starting at $4,000 for used models in working condition. Location substantially influences pricing—containers in port cities or high-volume shipping areas tend to be more affordable due to greater availability, while inland locations may include significant delivery charges that can add $200-800 to the total cost.
| Container Type | Average Size | Typical Condition Price Range | Premium Condition Price Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard 20ft | 20’ × 8’ × 8’6” | $1,500 - $2,200 | $2,300 - $3,000 |
| Standard 40ft | 40’ × 8’ × 8’6” | $2,000 - $3,000 | $3,100 - $4,500 |
| High Cube 40ft | 40’ × 8’ × 9’6” | $2,500 - $3,500 | $3,600 - $5,000 |
| Refrigerated 20ft | 20’ × 8’ × 8’6” | $4,000 - $6,000 | $6,100 - $8,000 |
Prices, rates, or cost estimates mentioned in this article are based on the latest available information but may change over time. Independent research is advised before making financial decisions.
Selecting the Right Container for Your Needs
Choosing the appropriate container requires balancing several considerations. First, clearly define your intended use—storage purposes may tolerate cosmetic imperfections that would be problematic for living spaces or customer-facing applications. Size selection should accommodate both immediate requirements and potential future needs, as adding additional containers later often costs more than initially purchasing a larger unit. While containers rated “wind and water tight” (WWT) may suffice for basic storage, cargo-worthy (CW) classifications offer greater structural integrity for modifications. One-trip containers, having made only a single ocean journey, provide near-new condition at a moderate price premium over older stock. For conversions involving substantial structural modifications, consulting with engineering professionals familiar with container architecture principles helps ensure safety and structural integrity. The container’s history, particularly previous cargo, deserves scrutiny to avoid potential chemical contamination that could affect health or material compatibility in repurposing projects.
